Birthstone Spotlight: Zircon

December is one of the few months that has multiple birthstones. The birthstones for December are tanzanite, turquoise, and zircon. Today, we will learn about zircon!

What is Zircon?

Zircon (not to be confused with cubic zirconia) is a zirconium silicate mineral. Zircon is found in a variety of colors, including yellow, green, red, and blue. Colorless zircon is known for its brilliance and fire and has been confused with diamonds throughout history. 

The History of Zircon

Historians disagree about where the name “zircon” originated. Some people believe the Persian word zargun (which means gold-colored) is the origin, while others believe the name came from the Arabic word zarkun (which means cinnabar). Considering the wide range of colors that zircons can be, both of these theories are plausible. 

In the Middle Ages, many people believed that zircon could ward off evil spirits and could help induce sleep. Zircon was also particularly treasured during the Victorian Age.

Quality Factors

The quality factors of zircon are similar to diamonds and many other gemstones. They are color, clarity, cut, and carat weight. 

Color: Among the color varieties of zircon, none is as treasured as blue zircon. In fact, over 80 percent of zircon sold today is blue. This demand drives the price of blue zircon higher than other color varieties.

Clarity: Most zircon is free from visible inclusions, but zircon often possesses a cloudy appearance. If the hazy appearance is extreme, it can negatively impact the gemstone’s value.

Cut: Zircon is cut in many different ways. The gemstones are cut to maximize their luster and fire, often into a modified brilliant cut (called the zircon cut). They can also be cut into step cuts or mixed cuts.

Carat Weight: Most zircon is between 1 and 10 carats. Carat weights that are exceptionally high demand the highest prices.

How to Care For Zircon Jewelry

Zircon is considered a relatively durable and stable gemstone, which means that they are usually unaltered by chemicals or light. However, prolonged exposure to light or heat can alter the color of some zircons. 

To clean zircon, use warm water and a soft brush. It is generally recommended not to use ultrasonic or steam cleaners on zircon jewelry.

Interesting Facts About Zircon

• Zircon is one of three birthstones for December.
• Zircon rates as a 6 to 7.5 on Moh’s scale of hardness.
• Renowned gem buyer, George Kunz, proposed that zircon be called “starlite” but the name didn’t stick.
• Zircon can contain traces of uranium, which can cause irradiation and change the gemstone’s properties.
• Australian zircon is thought to be the oldest mineral on earth.