June Alternative Birthstone Spotlight: Alexandrite

 It’s time to put the spotlight on June’s second birthstone: Alexandrite! Here is everything you need to know about this rare gem.

What is Alexandrite? 

Alexandrite is a rare form of the mineral chrysoberyl. As a result of the gem’s complex absorption of light, alexandrite changes color in different environments. In sunlight or fluorescent light, the gem will appear green. In dimmer or incandescent light, alexandrite usually appears purple or as a purplish red. This color-changing effect is why alexandrite is sometimes said to be an “emerald by day, ruby by night.” 

The History of Alexandrite

Alexandrite was first discovered in the 1830s in the Ural Mountains of Russia. The original deposits were abundant and included fine quality gemstones with vivid hues and dramatic color-changing qualities. 

The newly-discovered gem was named after Alexander II, who would eventually become emperor. Imperial Russia was fascinated by the new gemstone, especially because its red and green hues mirrored the country’s military colors.

Alexandrites are found today in Sri Lanka, East Africa, and Brazil. High-quality varieties, however, are extremely rare, especially in larger sizes. Today, lab-created alexandrites make up the majority of alexandrite jewelry.  

Quality Factors

Like diamonds, the four quality factors of natural Alexandrites are color, clarity, cut, and carat weight. 

Color: The most sought-after Alexandrites have a strong color intensity. Some Alexandrites are very dark and appear almost black. These darker gems, along with lighter varieties, are considered less fine and are less valuable than vividly-colored Alexandrites.  

Clarity: Most Alexandrites have very few inclusions. There is a type of long, thin inclusions in some gems that creates a phenomenon called chatoyancy, also known as the cat’s-eye effect. Cat’s eye alexandrite is particularly rare and valuable.

Cut: Cutters face a unique challenge when fashioning alexandrite. The goal is to cut the gemstone in a way that displays the greatest color change through the crown. When face-up, the gems should show both its green pleochroic color, as well as its purplish-red hues.

Carat Weight: Most natural alexandrites are very small. Alexandrites that weigh one-carat or more are incredibly rare and can sell for as much as $70,000 per carat!

How to Care For Alexandrite Jewelry

At home, alexandrites can be cleaned with soap and water. A few drops of ordinary dish detergent are usually plenty. Alexandrite jewelry can also be safely cleaned in ultrasonic cleaners. Alexandrites are relatively strong and withstand the effects of heat, light, and most common chemicals. Still, it’s best to avoid unnecessary exposure whenever possible. 

Interesting Facts About Alexandrite

• Alexandrite is one of the birthstones for June and the gemstone for the 55th anniversary.
• Alexandrite is ranked as an 8.5 on the Mohs scale.
• Alexandrite is rarer and more expensive than many precious gemstones, including sapphire, ruby, and emerald.
• Natural alexandrite is rarely treated, making it even more treasured. 
• The largest-ever faceted alexandrite is owned by the Smithsonian Institute. It weighs 66 carats and is valued at over $4 million!